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Intermittent and Periodic Fasting, Hormones, and Cancer Prevention.

Giulia Salvadori1,2, Mario Giuseppe Mirisola3, Valter D Longo2,4

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Nutrient restriction through intermittent (IF) and periodic fasting (PF) impacts hormones regulating aging and cancer. Fasting may reduce tumor incidence by delaying aging and eliminating damaged cells.

Keywords:
DNA damageagingcancer preventionfastinggrowth hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Dietary intake, including proteins, amino acids, and sugars, significantly influences key hormones like growth hormone, IGF-1, and insulin.
  • These hormonal changes affect cellular signaling, aging processes, and regeneration.
  • Intermittent fasting (IF) and periodic fasting (PF) have demonstrated both immediate and sustained impacts on these hormonal levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of nutrient intake and fasting regimens on hormones and genes implicated in aging and cancer.
  • To elucidate the connections between dietary interventions and genetic pathways that modulate hormone levels.
  • To focus on the specific mechanisms through which fasting exerts cancer-preventive effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating nutrient restriction, fasting, hormones, and cancer.
  • Analysis of established genetic pathways influenced by dietary factors.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms linking fasting to cellular health and cancer prevention.

Main Results:

  • Fasting influences hormones and genes associated with aging, DNA damage, and immunosenescence.
  • Dietary interventions, particularly IF and PF, are linked to modulation of these critical pathways.
  • Mechanisms include delaying aging, preventing DNA damage, and promoting the clearance of pre-cancerous and cancerous cells.

Conclusions:

  • Intermittent (IF) and periodic fasting (PF) show potential for reducing tumor incidence.
  • Fasting may achieve cancer prevention by mitigating aging-related damage and enhancing the elimination of aberrant cells.
  • These dietary strategies offer a promising avenue for cancer prevention through modulation of aging and cellular repair pathways.