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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Enterocytes in Food Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Maja Krstić Ristivojević1, Danijela Apostolović2, Katarina Smiljanić1

  • 1Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Food hypersensitivity reactions involve immune system derangements. Enterocytes, crucial for oral tolerance, act as antigen-presenting cells, highlighting their complex role in immune responses.

Keywords:
CD23animal models of food allergyantigensenterocytesfood allergyfood hypersensitivityoral tolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Food hypersensitivity reactions stem from immune system dysregulation.
  • Enterocytes were traditionally viewed as absorptive cells with a physical barrier function.
  • Recent research highlights enterocytes as central to innate and adaptive immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of enterocytes in immune reactions.
  • To explore enterocytes' function as antigen-presenting cells.
  • To discuss the implications for understanding oral tolerance and food hypersensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on enterocyte function in immunity.
  • Analysis of studies on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression by enterocytes.
  • Examination of findings from animal models of allergic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Enterocytes are key hubs for innate and adaptive immune reactions.
  • Enterocytes express MHC class II molecules, functioning as antigen-presenting cells.
  • Enterocytes play a significant role in maintaining oral tolerance to dietary antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Enterocytes possess a dual role, acting as both absorptive and immune regulatory cells.
  • Understanding enterocyte involvement is critical for elucidating food hypersensitivity mechanisms.
  • Further research, potentially overcoming ethical challenges with animal models, is needed.