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Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

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In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
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The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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The Information Conveyed in a SPAC's Offering.

Gil Cohen1, Mahmoud Qadan2

  • 1Department of Management, Western Galilee Academic College, Acre 2412101, Israel.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) offer investors a 17.3% annual return. Investing in a SPAC after a merger announcement can yield substantial short-term gains within 48 days.

Keywords:
IPOSPACSinformationmarket efficiencypipes

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Area of Science:

  • Finance
  • Investment Management
  • Corporate Finance

Background:

  • Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) have surged in popularity as an alternative to traditional Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).
  • Understanding the financial performance and risk profile of SPACs is crucial for investors navigating this evolving market.
  • The unique structure of SPACs necessitates a distinct analysis compared to conventional investment vehicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and quantify the average annual returns for investors in Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs).
  • To analyze the excess returns of SPACs within a 60-day period following the announcement of a merger or acquisition.
  • To compare the performance of SPACs against traditional Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in terms of investor returns and risk.

Main Methods:

  • Financial modeling was employed to calculate the average annual return for SPAC investors.
  • An information model was constructed to examine SPAC excess returns in the 60 days post-merger/acquisition announcement.
  • Comparative analysis was conducted against IPO portfolio performance to determine daily and cumulative excess returns.

Main Results:

  • SPACs demonstrated an average annual return of 17.3% for investors.
  • Post-announcement, SPACs delivered average daily excess returns of 0.69% and cumulative excess returns of 31.6% over the 60-day period compared to IPOs.
  • SPAC share prices exhibited significant positive excess returns in the days following an announcement, with notable peaks around the 26th and 48th days.

Conclusions:

  • SPACs provide a financially attractive investment vehicle with significant short-term return potential.
  • The structure of SPACs appears to mitigate investor risk compared to traditional IPOs.
  • A strategic investment in SPACs immediately after a merger announcement, held for approximately 48 days, can lead to substantial investor profits.