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Related Concept Videos

iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
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Industrially Compatible Transfusable iPSC-Derived RBCs: Progress, Challenges and Prospective Solutions.

Zhong Ri Lim1, Svetlan Vassilev1, Yew Wai Leong2,3,4

  • 1Stem Cell Bioprocessing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Singapore.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Generating red blood cells (RBCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offers a promising solution to blood supply shortages. This review highlights advances in high-density cultures and addresses challenges in producing GMP-compliant RBCs for novel applications.

Keywords:
GMP-compliantbioprocess intensificationenucleationerythropoiesiserythropoietic transcription factorsgenetic amenabilityhematopoietic stem cellshuman induced pluripotent stem cellsreprogrammingterminal maturation

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Hematology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Global blood supply shortages and storage limitations necessitate alternative transfusion solutions.
  • In vitro generation of red blood cells (RBCs) from various stem cell sources is being explored.
  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer significant advantages for RBC generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review breakthroughs in high-density cultures of hiPSC-derived RBCs.
  • To identify challenges and prospective solutions in hiPSC-based erythropoiesis.
  • To elaborate on cost-effective, GMP-compliant RBC production and novel applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) differentiation.
  • Analysis of techniques for erythroblast immortalization.
  • Focus on advancements in high-density culture systems for hiPSC-derived erythropoiesis.

Main Results:

  • hiPSC-derived RBCs are a favorable solution for transfusion applications.
  • Progress has been made in high-density culture techniques for hiPSC-derived RBCs.
  • Recent advances aim for cost-effective, GMP-compliant RBC production.

Conclusions:

  • hiPSC-based RBC generation holds significant potential to address blood supply deficits.
  • Overcoming challenges in erythropoiesis is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Downstream processing and purification enable novel applications of manufactured RBCs.