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Multichannel Approach for Arrayed Waveguide Grating-Based FBG Interrogation Systems.

Vincenzo Romano Marrazzo¹, Francesco Fienga^1,2, Michele Riccio¹

¹Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples "Federico II", 80125 Naples, Italy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 28, 2021

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This study introduces a novel, high-frequency fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation system using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). This passive system accurately measures wavelength shifts for various fiber optic sensors (FOS).

Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Sensing
Fiber Optic Sensor Technology

Background:

Existing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation systems often face limitations in speed and complexity.
The need for high-frequency, passive interrogation methods for fiber optic sensors (FOS) is critical for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a novel, optically passive interrogation system for FBGs.
To achieve high-frequency measurements using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) for wavelength discrimination.

Main Methods:

Utilized an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) to discriminate wavelength-encoded responses from FBGs.
Developed a theoretical model demonstrating linear dependence between Bragg wavelength shift and AWG output voltages.
Conducted static and dynamic experimental analyses using custom high-speed electronics and a digital acquisition (DAQ) board.

Keywords:

arrayed waveguide grating fiber Bragg grating high-frequency optoelectronic system interrogation system wavelength interrogation

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Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated static measurements of FBGs under wide wavelength variations.
Achieved dynamic vibration sensing at low and high frequencies using an FBG.
The system showed high dynamic range and sensitivity without requiring modulation or moving parts.

Conclusions:

The proposed AWG-based interrogation system offers a passive, reliable, and high-speed alternative to current FBG interrogation methods.
The multi-channel detection algorithm supports diverse FOS types and maintains high performance.
This innovative approach presents a competitive solution for advanced optical sensing applications.