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Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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Progress in Non-Traditional Processing for Fabricating Superhydrophobic Surfaces.

Dili Shen1, Wuyi Ming2, Xinggui Ren3

  • 1School of Mechanical-Electronic and Automobile Engineering, Zhengzhou Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

Micromachines
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
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This study reviews non-traditional machining techniques for creating superhydrophobic surfaces. These surfaces offer corrosion resistance, anti-icing, and self-cleaning properties for various materials, especially metals.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit water-repellent properties, enabling water droplets to roll off at minimal inclines.
  • Fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces on metal substrates addresses issues like corrosion and icing, while imparting self-cleaning and drag reduction functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces using non-traditional processing techniques.
  • To compare the machining performances of various non-traditional methods for creating these surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Laser Beam Machining (LBM): femtosecond, picosecond, and nanosecond lasers.
  • Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM).
  • Electrochemical Machining (ECM): oxidation and reduction processes.
Keywords:
electrical discharge machiningelectrochemical machiningfabricatingion beam machininglaser beam machiningnon-traditional processingsuperhydrophobic surfaces

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  • Other methods: Ultrasonic Machining (USM), Water Jet Machining (WJM), Plasma Spraying Machining (PSM).

    • Main Results:

    • Comparison of LBM, EDM, and ECM machining performances for superhydrophobic surface fabrication.
    • Review of USM, WJM, and PSM for creating superhydrophobic surfaces.
    • Discussion of advantages and disadvantages of each non-traditional machining process.

    Conclusions:

    • Non-traditional machining offers diverse methods for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces.
    • Each technique presents unique advantages and limitations for specific material applications.
    • Future prospects for non-traditional machining in creating advanced superhydrophobic surfaces are proposed.