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Can the mind be split? A historical introduction.

Michael C Corballis1, Paul M Corballis1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Science Centre, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland Central, New Zealand.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Studies on split-brain patients reveal that severing the corpus callosum can lead to separate consciousness in each brain hemisphere. However, some functions show a surprising degree of mental unity, challenging earlier theories.

Keywords:
CommissurotomyConsciousnessSplit brainSubcortical connections

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • The concept of distinct conscious entities in the mind dates to the 19th century, inspired by brain symmetry.
  • Early theories speculated that severing forebrain commissures could create independent consciousnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of forebrain commissurotomy on consciousness.
  • To test the hypothesis of independent consciousness in separated brain hemispheres.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments conducted on commissurotomized cats and monkeys starting in the 1960s.
  • Studies involving human patients who underwent commissurotomy for epilepsy.

Main Results:

  • Initial findings suggested independent consciousness in each separated hemisphere.
  • Later results indicated a degree of mental unity, particularly in perceptual and motor functions.

Conclusions:

  • Split-brain research provides insights into the nature of consciousness.
  • Findings suggest complex interactions and potential unity despite hemispheric separation.
  • Explanations may involve subcortical connections and external cross-cuing.