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Is glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase deficiency associated with severe outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients?

Nitya Kumar1, AbdulKarim AbdulRahman2, Abdulla Ismaeel AlAwadhi3

  • 1Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, Bahrain. nkumar@rcsi-mub.com.

Scientific Reports
|September 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study found no significant difference in severe COVID-19 outcomes for patients with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd). However, G6PDd may slightly lower the risk of severe COVID-19, warranting further research.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) impairs the antioxidant system.
  • G6PDd is hypothesized to worsen COVID-19 severity due to a pro-oxidant response.
  • Limited human studies have investigated the association between G6PDd and COVID-19 severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between G6PDd and severe outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To determine if G6PDd influences the need for non-invasive ventilation, intubation, or mortality in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Comparison of severe outcomes (non-invasive ventilation, intubation, death) between patients with and without G6PDd.
  • Statistical analysis, including adjustment for age, nationality, comorbidities, and drug interventions.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in severe COVID-19 outcomes was observed between patients with and without G6PDd (4.6% vs. 6.4%, p=0.33).
  • After adjusting for confounding factors, G6PDd was associated with a slightly lower likelihood of severe outcomes (Odds Ratio 0.40).

Conclusions:

  • G6PDd does not appear to significantly increase the risk of severe outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • A potential protective effect of G6PDd against severe COVID-19 warrants further investigation.
  • Future studies should include both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients to fully explore this association.

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