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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...

Stereotype Content Model

Stereotype Content Model

The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...

Case Studies

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Decision Making: Traditional Method

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...

Confirmation Biases

Confirmation Biases

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?

Halo Effect

Halo Effect

The halo effect is a cognitive bias in which an individual's overall impression influences judgments about their specific traits. This psychological phenomenon leads people to associate positive characteristics with those they perceive as generally good and negative characteristics with those they view as bad. This effect is particularly influential in social perception, professional evaluations, and decision-making processes.The Psychological Basis of the Halo EffectThe halo effect is rooted...

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Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

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On the Central Case Methodology in Discrimination Law.

Oxford Journal of Legal Studies

|September 29, 2021

Summary

Intersectional discrimination, often overlooked, should be recognized as a core concept in discrimination law. This approach enhances understanding and application of anti-discrimination principles.

Area of Science:

Law and Social Sciences
Legal Theory
Discrimination Law

Background:

The central case methodology in law identifies essential features of legal concepts.
Discrimination law typically focuses on single grounds (e.g., race, sex) as central cases.
This narrow focus risks marginalizing discrimination based on multiple combined grounds.

Purpose of the Study:

To challenge the traditional view of intersectional discrimination as a peripheral case.
To argue for the reclassification of intersectional discrimination as a 'more than' central case.
To guide theoretical discourse towards a more accurate application of the central case methodology.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of the central case methodology.
Application of the methodology to discrimination law.

Keywords:

central case discrimination law grounds intersectional discrimination intersectionality

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Critique of existing theoretical frameworks in discrimination law.

Main Results:

Intersectional discrimination possesses features that extend beyond traditional central cases.
Recognizing intersectional discrimination as 'more than' central enhances its epistemic capacity.
The current application of the central case methodology in discrimination law is incomplete.

Conclusions:

Intersectional discrimination is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of discrimination law.
The central case methodology, when correctly applied, necessitates the inclusion of intersectional discrimination.
Revising the theoretical framework is essential for effective anti-discrimination legal practice.