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[Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrom: a case report]

Said Khallikane1, Mohamed Moutaoukil2, Hanane Delsa3

  • 1Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Troisième Hôpital Militaire, Laayoune, Royaume du Maroc.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|September 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a severe skin condition caused by bacterial toxins, often affecting infants. This case highlights a fatal outcome in a 6-month-old infant due to septic shock despite treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a blistering skin condition caused by exfoliative exotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus.
  • It predominantly affects infants and young children, presenting as widespread erythema and blistering.

Observation:

  • A 6-month-old infant presented with angina followed by bullous erythroderma.
  • Skin biopsy confirmed the characteristic histological features of SSSS.
  • The infant's condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to refractory septic shock.

Findings:

  • Despite prompt administration of norepinephrine and anti-MRSA antibiotics, the infant succumbed to septic shock.
  • Histological differentiation between SSSS and toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) is based on the cleavage plane within the epidermis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential severity and rapid progression of SSSS in infants.
  • Early recognition and aggressive management are crucial, though outcomes can be poor in severe cases.
  • Understanding the distinct pathological cleavage planes is vital for accurate diagnosis and differentiating SSSS from other blistering disorders.

Keywords:
Lyell syndromcase reportexotoxinsstaphylococcal scalded skin syndromstaphylococcustoxic epidermal necrolysis

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