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Actinomyces meyeri pleural empyema: A case report.

Andreas Hoheisel1, Matthias Josef Herrmann1, Elianne Kassi2

  • 1Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

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Summary

A rare pleural empyema caused by Actinomyces meyeri, an anaerobic bacterium, was diagnosed in a male patient. Prompt penicillin treatment and surgery led to recovery, highlighting key risk factors.

Keywords:
Actinomyces meyeriDecorticationPleural empyemaThoracoscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pleural empyema is a serious infection of the pleural space.
  • Actinomyces meyeri is an anaerobic bacterium rarely implicated in pleural infections.

Observation:

  • A male patient presented with chronic cough and acute dyspnea.
  • Diagnostic imaging, microbiology, and thoracoscopy confirmed a massive pleural empyema.
  • Risk factors identified included male gender, alcohol abuse, and poor oral hygiene.

Findings:

  • Actinomyces meyeri was identified as the causative agent of the pleural empyema.
  • The rare anaerobic bacterial infection presented as a massive empyema.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering Actinomyces meyeri in patients with risk factors for pleural infections.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy (penicillin-based) combined with surgical intervention (decortication) are crucial for successful management and patient recovery.