Clustered papulonodular lesions in an infant

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pathology
• Histiocytosis

Background:

• Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (NLCH) comprises benign proliferative disorders of myeloid and dendritic cells.
• These conditions do not meet the diagnostic criteria for Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
• Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a common subtype of NLCH, typically presenting as solitary lesions.

Observation:

• This report describes a case of JXG with an atypical clustered distribution.
• The unusual arrangement of lesions presented a diagnostic challenge.

Findings:

• The case highlights the diverse clinical manifestations of JXG.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of JXG.

Implications:

• Understanding NLCH variants like JXG with unusual distributions is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
• This case broadens the spectrum of recognized JXG presentations.