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Intrinsic neural network dynamics in catatonia.

Fabio Sambataro1, Dusan Hirjak2, Stefan Fritze2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

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|September 29, 2021
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Summary

Catatonia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) involves altered brain network dynamics. This study reveals disrupted sensorimotor network control in catatonic patients, impacting functional connectivity.

Keywords:
MRIcatatoniadynamic functional network connectivitysensorimotor neurosciencestatic functional network connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome frequently observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).
  • Previous neuroimaging studies suggest aberrant activity in frontoparietal, thalamic, and cerebellar regions in catatonia.
  • Large-scale brain network dynamics in catatonia remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate large-scale brain network dynamics in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) experiencing catatonia.
  • To identify differences in static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) between catatonic and non-catatonic SSD patients.
  • To explore the relationship between FNC alterations and catatonic symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data from 58 right-handed SSD patients were analyzed.
  • Catatonic symptoms were assessed using the Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale (NCRS).
  • Group spatial independent component analysis (MANCOVA) and sliding window analysis were employed to examine static and dynamic FNC.

Main Results:

  • Catatonic patients exhibited increased static FNC in cerebellar networks and decreased low-frequency oscillations in basal ganglia networks.
  • Reduced dynamic state changes were observed in catatonic patients, with prolonged dwelling in a specific network state.
  • A correlation was found between increased cortico-striatal FNC and motor symptom severity in catatonic patients.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a neuromechanistic model of catatonia highlighting disrupted sensorimotor network control.
  • Aberrant functional connectivity within and between brain networks is central to catatonia in SSD.
  • Dynamic alterations in brain network states are crucial for understanding catatonia pathophysiology.