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Speech therapy´s intervention for falling prevention in aging.

Carlos Kazuo Taguchi1, Brenda Carla Lima Araújo1, Leonardo Santos de Santana1

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This study shows that a speech therapy program effectively reduced fall risk in older adults. Participants demonstrated improved gait and balance after the intervention, highlighting its benefits for elderly fall prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Falls are a significant risk for elderly individuals, leading to injury and reduced quality of life.
  • Gait and balance impairments are primary contributors to falls in the aging population.
  • Targeted interventions are crucial for mitigating fall risk in seniors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a Speech Therapy intervention program in reducing fall risk among the elderly.
  • To assess the program's impact on gait performance and balance in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • An intervention study involving 148 community-dwelling older adults (average age 68.6 years).
  • Participants underwent assessments using the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)-Brazilian brief and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests.
  • A 5-week intervention program based on Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises was administered, followed by reassessment of 72 participants.

Main Results:

  • A significant percentage of participants initially showed fall risk (25% on DGI-Brazilian brief, 71.6% on TUG).
  • Post-intervention, both DGI-Brazilian brief and TUG scores improved significantly, indicating better gait and balance.
  • The intervention demonstrated a positive correlation with improved performance in both tests.

Conclusions:

  • The Speech Therapy intervention program proved effective in decreasing the risk of falls in elderly individuals.
  • The program successfully enhanced gait performance, functional balance, and dynamic balance in the participants.
  • This intervention offers a viable strategy for fall prevention in the geriatric population.