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Dispersal evolution in temporally variable environments: implications for plant range dynamics.

Meagan F Oldfather1, Courtney L Van Den Elzen1, Patrick M Heffernan1

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

American Journal of Botany
|September 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dispersal traits in plants evolve with habitat changes. This study suggests higher temporal variability may favor increased dispersal at plant range limits, though more research is needed.

Keywords:
climate changedispersal evolutionmetapopulationsrange dynamicstemporal variability

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Dispersal is a key ecological and evolutionary process shaping species ranges, influencing colonization, gene flow, and adaptation.
  • Plant dispersal traits are heritable and evolve in response to landscape heterogeneity and habitat variability.
  • While spatial habitat variation's effect on dispersal is reviewed, temporal variability's role across species ranges is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize metapopulation model predictions on dispersal evolution under spatiotemporal habitat variability.
  • To evaluate the hypothesis that increased temporal habitat variability favors greater dispersal at plant range limits using empirical data.
  • To identify research gaps in understanding plant dispersal dynamics across geographic ranges and temporal variability.

Main Methods:

  • Summarized metapopulation model predictions regarding dispersal evolution.
  • Compiled empirical data on plant demography and dispersal trait variation.
  • Assessed geographic patterns of dispersal trait variation in relation to temporal habitat variability.

Main Results:

  • Found suggestive evidence that higher temporal habitat variability may favor increased dispersal at plant range limits.
  • Identified a significant gap in empirical research on plant metapopulation dynamics and dispersal traits across species ranges.
  • Highlighted the need for more studies on geographic variation in dispersal traits and temporal variability.

Conclusions:

  • Spatiotemporal habitat variability is a crucial factor influencing the evolution of plant dispersal strategies.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand how temporal variability shapes plant dispersal and range dynamics.
  • Addressing these research gaps will improve predictions of current and future species ranges.