Orthognathic Surgery of the Mandible

Orthognathic surgery performed in conjunction with orthodontic treatment is commonly performed to correct skeletal irregularities and realign the maxillomandibular relationship to improve occlusal function and facial esthetics. A thorough understanding of soft tissue esthetics, skeletal and occlusal relationships, and surgical techniques is required to obtain successful results. Surgical techniques have evolved greatly throughout history, as technological advances such as virtual surgical planning have become available and widely used to obtain predictable movements with minimized complications. The aim of this article is to review the orthognathic surgical procedures of the mandible, with particular attention to the indications, contraindications, preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and possible complications encountered.