Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

9.9K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
9.9K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

11.0K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
11.0K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.5K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.5K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

4.7K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.7K
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

1.9K
Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endothelial Elavl1 Is Required for CD8 T-Cell Persistence in Atherosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026
Same author

Soluble Immune Checkpoint Protein and Lipid Network Associations with All-Cause Mortality Risk: Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Proximity labeling reveals new functional relationships between meiotic recombination proteins in S. cerevisiae.

PLoS genetics·2024
Same author

Revealing the Novel Role of Purinergic Receptor P2X4 in Phagocytic Uptake After Ischemic Stroke.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2024
Same author

Autoregulated splicing of <i>TRA2</i>β programs T cell fate in response to antigen-receptor stimulation.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Letter from the Editor and Introduction to the 2023 Thematic Issue.

Immunological investigations·2024
Same journal

The scaffolding protein AKAP79/150 shapes innate immune responses to allergen.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Optineurin restrains IL-17-associated neuroinflammation in trigeminal ganglia to preserve sensory function after ocular HSV-1 infection.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure and immune single-cell atlas provide insights into the functional divergence of type I IFNs in fish.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Complement C3 deficiency increases the effector and cytotoxic functions of NK cells and suppresses tumor growth.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Increased Nur77 is disconnected from TCR affinity in insulin-specific Tregs.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

FTR85 negatively regulates type I IFN antiviral signaling pathway by promoting K48-linked polyubiquitination of IRF3.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

3.6K

Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Regulates Dendritic Cell Metabolic Programing and T Cell Priming Function.

Dunia Garcia Cruz1, Raghavendra R Giri1, Daylin Gamiotea Turro1

  • 1Center for Vascular Biology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|September 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deficiency in lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3) in dendritic cells (DCs) promotes inflammation, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Lag3-deficient DCs exhibit altered metabolism and enhance T cell responses, contributing to this association.

More Related Videos

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

544
Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

23.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

3.6K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

544
Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

23.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3) deficiency is linked to higher cardiovascular disease risk.
  • LAG3-deficient B lymphoblasts show altered cytokine profiles (increased TNF-α, decreased IL-10).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Lag3 deficiency in dendritic cells (DCs) on cytokine expression, cellular metabolism, and T cell priming.
  • To explore the role of Lag3 in DC function and its potential contribution to cardiovascular disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were used to analyze cytokine secretion, cellular metabolism, and gene/protein expression via RNA sequencing and proteomics.
  • Adoptive transfer of OT-II CD4+ T cells into wild-type and Lag3-deficient mice, along with ex vivo splenocyte analysis.
  • In vitro BMDC:T cell coculture experiments.

Main Results:

  • Lag3-deficient BMDCs secreted more TNF-α, exhibited increased glycolysis, and reduced fatty acid utilization for mitochondrial respiration.
  • RNA sequencing and proteomics revealed altered expression of immune-related genes/proteins in Lag3-deficient BMDCs, including CD40 and CD86.
  • Lag3-deficient DCs promoted greater T cell effector differentiation and proliferation, with higher IFN-γ production observed ex vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Lag3 deficiency in DCs is associated with a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
  • This inflammatory phenotype in DCs provides a potential mechanism linking LAG3 deficiency to increased cardiovascular disease risk in humans.