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Acute ischemic stroke in young adult: Atrial fibrillation, hyperthyroidism, and COVID-19 collaboration

Zahide Betül Gunduz1, Aysun Ozsahin1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Konya City Hospital, Saglik Bilimleri University, Konya, Turkey.

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
|September 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This case study highlights a rare instance of atrial fibrillation-induced ischemic stroke in a middle-aged adult. The condition was linked to hyperthyroidism and COVID-19 infection, emphasizing the virus

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation is a common cause of ischemic stroke, with incidence increasing with age.
  • Hyperthyroidism is a known risk factor for developing atrial fibrillation.
  • COVID-19 has been implicated in thromboembolic events, cardiac issues, and endocrine dysfunction.

Observation:

  • A 54-year-old male presented with acute right-sided hemiplegia and motor aphasia.
  • The patient tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and showed imaging consistent with acute pons ischemia.
  • Evaluation revealed the patient also had hyperthyroidism and atrial fibrillation.

Findings:

  • The case suggests atrial fibrillation, though rare in younger individuals, can be triggered by hyperthyroidism.
  • COVID-19 may contribute to atrial fibrillation and hyperthyroidism.
  • SARS-CoV-2 is potentially linked to stroke etiology via hypercoagulation or renin-angiotensin system disruption.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the complex interplay between COVID-19, hyperthyroidism, and atrial fibrillation in stroke pathogenesis.
  • It highlights the need to consider these factors in patients presenting with ischemic stroke, even if atypical.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms by which COVID-19 influences cardiac and endocrine systems leading to stroke.

Keywords:
COVID-19atrial fibrillationhyperthyroidismischemic stroke

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