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Eye morphogenesis in the blind Mexican cavefish.

Lucie Devos1, François Agnès1, Joanne Edouard2

  • 1Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.

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Summary

Defects in cell migration during eye development cause coloboma in blind cavefish. This study reveals impaired optic cup invagination, offering insights into developmental defects and evolution.

Keywords:
Zic1CRISPR/Cas9 knock-inCell behavioursEvo-devoLive imagingOptic vesicleRetinal pigmented epithelium

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Comparative genomics

Background:

  • Vertebrate eye morphogenesis involves intricate cell movements and regionalization.
  • Disruptions in eye development can result in congenital defects like coloboma and blindness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To decipher the sequence of defective events leading to coloboma in the embryonic eye of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish.
  • To compare eye development between river-dwelling and cave morphs of Astyanax mexicanus.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative live imaging using Zic1:hsp70:GFP reporter lines.
  • Analysis of cell behaviors during optic vesicle evagination and optic cup invagination.

Main Results:

  • Cavefish embryos exhibit defects in migratory cell behaviors during evagination, leading to reduced optic vesicle size without affecting proliferation.
  • Impaired optic cup invagination in cavefish shifts the relative position of the lens, contributing to coloboma.

Conclusions:

  • A developmental scenario explaining the cavefish coloboma phenotype is proposed.
  • Astyanax mexicanus cavefish serve as a valuable natural model for studying optic region morphogenesis and evolutionary developmental constraints.