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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Studying Antibiotic Persistence During Infection.

Charlotte Michaux1,2, Séverin Ronneau1,2, Sophie Helaine3,4

  • 1Section of Microbiology, Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
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This chapter details protocols for studying Salmonella persisters within macrophages. These methods help differentiate tolerance from persistence, crucial for understanding antibiotic resistance.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Antibiotic persistence is a major challenge in treating bacterial infections.
  • Understanding bacterial persisters within host immune cells is critical.
  • Previous methods lacked clear differentiation between tolerance and persistence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide standardized protocols for studying bacterial persisters.
  • To enable quantification and characterization of persisters during host-pathogen interactions.
  • To distinguish bacterial persistence from tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed protocols for studying Salmonella persisters in macrophages.
  • Methods for quantifying and visualizing persisters within immune cells.
  • Techniques to discriminate between tolerance and persistence.

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for analyzing bacterial persisters.
  • Enabled differentiation between tolerance and persistence phenotypes.
  • Provided a framework applicable to other pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • The presented protocols are essential for studying antibiotic persistence.
  • These methods facilitate the identification of bacterial and host factors involved in persistence.
  • Standardized approaches are vital for advancing the field of antibiotic resistance research.