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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Evaluation of hemostasis in hyperthyroid cats.

Audrey E Keebaugh1, Stefanie M DeMonaco1, David L Panciera1

  • 1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|September 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperthyroid cats show altered hemostasis, with increased fibrinogen and antithrombin levels that normalize after radioactive iodine treatment (RIT). This suggests endothelial dysfunction, not a hypercoagulable state, may contribute to thrombogenesis in these animals.

Keywords:
coagulationhypercoagulabilityradioiodinethromboembolism

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Hyperthyroid cats may be prone to arterial thrombus formation.
  • The underlying mechanism for thrombogenesis in hyperthyroid cats is unknown.
  • Systemic hypercoagulability, observed in hyperthyroid humans, is a potential contributing factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate hemostasis markers in hyperthyroid cats compared to healthy controls.
  • To assess changes in hemostasis markers in hyperthyroid cats before and after radioactive iodine treatment (RIT).

Main Methods:

  • Compared hemostatic markers in 25 hyperthyroid cats and 13 healthy euthyroid cats.
  • Measured prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, antithrombin (AT), D-dimers, thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), von Willebrand Factor antigen (vWF:Ag), and factors VIII and IX activity.
  • Performed echocardiograms and re-evaluated markers post-RIT in 7 cats.

Main Results:

  • Hyperthyroid cats exhibited higher fibrinogen, AT activity, and vWF:Ag compared to controls.
  • These markers significantly decreased after RIT.
  • No evidence of a hypercoagulable state was found in hyperthyroid cats (P = .08).
  • Serum T4 concentration did not predict a hypercoagulable state (P = .53).

Conclusions:

  • Hyperthyroid cats demonstrate altered hemostasis, not solely due to cardiac issues.
  • A hypercoagulable state was not identified as the cause.
  • Altered hemostasis appears to resolve following RIT.
  • Elevated vWF:Ag suggests potential endothelial dysfunction, which may promote thrombogenesis.