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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Superconducting ScH3 and LuH3 at Megabar Pressures.

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Researchers discovered two new rare-earth superhydrides, scandium hydride (ScH₃) and lutetium hydride (LuH₃), exhibiting superconductivity under high pressure. These findings advance the search for high-temperature superconductors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Rare-earth superhydrides are promising candidates for high-temperature superconductors.
  • Recent studies on lanthanum hydride (LaH₁₀) and yttrium hydride (YH₉) approached room-temperature superconductivity.
  • Further exploration of rare-earth hydrides under pressure is crucial for advancing superconductivity research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation and superconducting properties of new rare-earth hydrides involving scandium (Sc) and lutetium (Lu) under high pressure.
  • To experimentally confirm the superconductivity of ScH₃ and LuH₃.
  • To provide insights for the experimental verification of other predicted rare-earth hydride superconductors.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure synthesis and characterization of rare-earth hydrides.
  • X-ray diffraction to determine crystal structure.
  • Electrical resistance measurements to identify superconducting transition temperatures (Tc).

Main Results:

  • Two new superconducting hydrides, ScH₃ (Tc ≈ 18.5 K at 131 GPa) and LuH₃ (Tc ≈ 12.4 K at 122 GPa), were identified.
  • Both ScH₃ and LuH₃ were found to possess a cubic crystal structure.
  • Experimental confirmation of superconductivity was achieved for ScH₃ and LuH₃, the only REH₃ compounds with experimentally verified superconducting properties to date.

Conclusions:

  • The discovery of superconducting ScH₃ and LuH₃ expands the family of known rare-earth superhydrides.
  • The experimental confirmation of superconductivity in these systems provides valuable data for theoretical models.
  • These findings may guide future experimental efforts to discover and confirm superconductivity in other predicted rare-earth hydrides.