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The complex relationship between physical activity and diabetes: an overview.

Stefano Palermi1, Olimpia Iacono2, Felice Sirico1

  • 1Public Health Department, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.

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Exercise offers significant benefits for managing diabetes mellitus (DM), improving health and fitness. This review clarifies exercise mechanisms, recommendations, and effects for individuals with DM.

Keywords:
aerobic trainingdiabetes mellitusexercisephysical activityresistance training

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent and challenging chronic condition.
  • Exercise is a recommended therapeutic intervention for DM management.
  • Many individuals with diabetes are inactive, facing barriers to physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of exercise's role in DM treatment.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms, recommendations, and benefits of various exercise modalities for DM.
  • To address challenges in exercise management for diabetic individuals, trainers, and physicians.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on exercise and diabetes.
  • Synthesis of current research on exercise physiology in diabetes.
  • Analysis of guidelines and recommendations for physical activity in DM.

Main Results:

  • Regular exercise improves lipid profiles, body composition, cardio-respiratory fitness, and glycemic control in individuals with DM.
  • Various exercise modalities offer distinct benefits for diabetes management.
  • Barriers to exercise in diabetes include sports eligibility, complex management, and insufficient knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise is a crucial component of diabetes management, enhancing overall health and metabolic control.
  • Understanding exercise mechanisms and tailored recommendations are vital for effective DM treatment.
  • Addressing barriers is essential to increase physical activity participation among people with diabetes.