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Decrease in Exacerbations During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Cohort of Veterans with COPD.

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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) across all severities. Patients with COPD showed high adherence to preventive measures, suggesting their potential benefit in non-pandemic settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Studies indicate a decrease in hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Longitudinal data on the pandemic's impact on all severities of AECOPD is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency of AECOPD across all severities in a longitudinal cohort.
  • To assess patient adherence to preventive measures and its correlation with COPD severity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 123 individuals with COPD followed since 2017.
  • Assessment of mild, moderate, and severe AECOPD through chart review and patient interviews.
  • Evaluation of COVID-19 preventive measure compliance in 2020 and its relation to COPD severity.

Main Results:

  • A significant reduction in AECOPD was observed in 2020 (21%) compared to prior years (36-42%).
  • Mean exacerbation rates decreased by 54% overall and 74% in frequent exacerbators.
  • High compliance with social distancing and mask use was reported, particularly in patients with more severe COPD.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with COPD experienced a notable decrease in AECOPD during the COVID-19 pandemic, correlating with high adherence to preventive measures.
  • Preventive strategies' impact on AECOPD warrants further investigation in non-pandemic settings.