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Gastroenterology: Naming a discipline.

Diederik F Janssen1

  • 1Maastricht University, Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences, Grote Gracht 90‑92, Maastricht 6211SZ, The Netherlands.

Arab Journal of Gastroenterology : the Official Publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology
|October 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The medical specialty of gastroenterology has roots in 17th-century terminology. Early terms like "enterologia" and "hepatologia" foreshadowed the formalization of digestive and liver medicine.

Keywords:
Gastroenterology (term)History of gastroenterologyMedical historyMedical lexicology

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Area of Science:

  • Medical History
  • History of Gastroenterology
  • Medical Terminology

Background:

  • Gastroenterology formally emerged as a medical specialty in the late 19th century.
  • The development of this specialty was anticipated by early medical terminology.
  • This study traces the etymological origins of key terms related to digestive and liver medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the historical origins of medical terms that predated the formal establishment of gastroenterology.
  • To identify early neologisms and their usage in anatomical and medical literature.
  • To understand the linguistic precursors to the modern medical specialty of gastroenterology.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of medical texts and dictionaries.
  • Examination of etymological roots of terms such as 'gastridiologia', 'enterologia', 'hepatologie', and 'hepatographie'.
  • Dating of key publications and attribution of term coining.

Main Results:

  • The terms 'gastridiologia' and 'enterologia' appeared in a 1655 work by Valentin Andreas Möllenbrock.
  • 'Enterologia' was used as an anatomical term by Boerhaave and Cheselden around 1711.
  • 'Hepatologie/hepatologia' and 'hepatographie/hepatographia' were coined by Tarin in 1753 to denote anatomical sub-disciplines.

Conclusions:

  • Early 17th and 18th-century terminology laid the linguistic groundwork for the future specialty of gastroenterology.
  • The coining of specific terms for digestive and liver anatomy reflects an early conceptualization of these fields.
  • Historical linguistic analysis reveals the gradual evolution toward the specialization of medical disciplines.