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Isolated Cases of Plague - Inner Mongolia-Beijing, 2019

Yumeng Wang1,2, Lei Zhou3, Mengguang Fan4

  • 1National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.

China CDC Weekly
|October 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This report details the first imported pneumonic plague cases in Beijing, China, since 1949. Public health alerts and education are crucial for preventing further spread of Yersinia pestis infections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, is transmitted by rodents and fleas.
  • Human infection occurs through flea bites or contact with infected animals.
  • The last reported human plague case in Inner Mongolia was in 2004.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first cases of pneumonic plague imported into Beijing, China.
  • To describe the transmission dynamics and epidemiological links of these cases.
  • To highlight implications for public health preparedness.

Main Methods:

  • Case identification and confirmation of Yersinia pestis infection.
  • Epidemiological investigation of patient exposures and potential sources.
  • Clinical and laboratory data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Two primary pneumonic plague cases (Patients A and B) and one bubonic plague case (Patient C) were confirmed in Beijing in November 2019.
  • Patient A likely contracted plague from aerosol exposure in a Meriones unguiculatus plague focus.
  • Patient B was infected through close contact with Patient A; Patient C was infected by skinning a hare.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first documented instance of imported pneumonic plague in Beijing.
  • Early detection and public health interventions are vital for controlling plague outbreaks.
  • Public education on personal protection measures is essential during epizootic events.

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