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The "1-3-7" Approach to Malaria Surveillance and Response - Henan Province, China, 2012-2018
Qunqun Zhang1,2, Ying Liu1, Yabo Hu1,2
1Henan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, China.
Insights
The "1-3-7" approach effectively managed malaria in Henan Province, China. This strategy ensures prompt case reporting, investigation, and vector control, crucial for malaria elimination efforts globally.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease Control
Background:
- The "1-3-7" approach is a WHO-endorsed strategy for malaria surveillance and response, crucial for elimination.
- China has utilized this "1-3-7" model as a key measure for malaria elimination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the "1-3-7" approach in Henan Province, China.
- To assess the timeliness of malaria case detection, diagnosis, investigation, and response.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of malaria surveillance data from Henan Province (2012-2018).
- Evaluation of the adherence to the "1-3-7" timelines: 1-day diagnosis/reporting, 3-day investigation, and 7-day response/control.
Main Results:
- Over 1,294 malaria cases were reported between 2012-2018.
- All cases were diagnosed and reported within 1 day (100%).
- 99.23% of cases were investigated within 3 days, and 93.7% of foci received vector control within 7 days.
Conclusions:
- The "1-3-7" approach demonstrates high implementation fidelity and effectiveness in Henan Province for malaria control.
- This model is a viable and approachable strategy for malaria elimination in similar regions.
- Minimizing the delay from symptom onset to diagnosis and clarifying actor roles are critical for optimizing the "1-3-7" strategy.
Abstract:
What is already known about this topic?
Abstract:
The "1-3-7" approach to malaria surveillance and response was a key measure for malaria elimination in China and was first introduced into the World Health Organization (WHO) as an international guideline for malaria surveillance and response in 2018.
Abstract:
What is added by this report?
Abstract:
The "1-3-7" approach was well implemented in Henan Province from 2012-2018. Over this study period, a total of 1,294 malaria cases were detected and reported, and all cases were diagnosed and reported within 1 day with 99.23% (1,284/1,294) of cases were investigated within 3 days. In addition, 93.7% (1,212/1,294) of foci were investigated and vector control was implemented within 7 days at all residual non-active foci to prevent further spread.
Abstract:
What are the implications for public health practice?
Abstract:
The "1-3-7" controlling pattern would be an effective and approachable method for implementation especially in malaria-eliminating countries and regions, but the interval from symptom onset to diagnosis cannot be ignored. Thus, the roles and responsibilities that all actors involved in the health sector must be specified too.
