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Mushroom Poisoning Outbreaks - China, 2020
Haijiao Li1, Hongshun Zhang1, Yizhe Zhang1
1National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
China CDC Weekly
|October 1, 2021
Summary
Mushroom poisonings in China are a significant threat, with new species identified and rare cases reported. Public health education on safe mushroom consumption is crucial to prevent severe illnesses like liver failure and rhabdomyolysis.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Toxicology
- Public Health
Background:
- Poisonous mushrooms pose serious health risks in China, including acute liver failure, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, and hemolysis.
- Key lethal genera include *Amanita*, *Lepiota*, and *Galerina* (liver failure), and *Russula subnigricans* (rhabdomyolysis).
Purpose of the Study:
- To report on the landscape of mushroom poisonings in China in 2020.
- To identify newly recorded poisonous mushroom species and rare poisoning incidents.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 676 investigations related to mushroom poisonings in 2020.
- Documentation of species involved, geographical distribution, and clinical outcomes.
Main Results:
- 102 poisonous mushroom species were involved, with 24 newly recorded in China.
- *Gyromitra venenata* poisoning reported for the first time since 2000.
- Rare Shiitake mushroom dermatitis and *Paxillus involutus*-induced hemolysis (one fatality) were documented.
Conclusions:
- Increased awareness and knowledge of safe mushroom consumption are vital for public health.
- Avoiding wild mushroom collection is recommended, especially in regions like Yunnan with unfamiliar species.
- Continued surveillance and reporting are necessary to manage mushroom poisoning risks.
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