Machine Learning Applications in the Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Hematological Diseases

The use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods in hematology includes diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications. This increase is due to the improved access to ML and DL tools and the expansion of medical data. The utilization of ML remains limited in clinical practice, with some disciplines further along in their adoption, such as radiology and histopathology. In this review, we discuss the current uses of ML in diagnosis in the field of hematology, including image-recognition, laboratory, and genomics-based diagnosis. Additionally, we provide an introduction to the fields of ML and DL, highlighting current trends, limitations, and possible areas of improvement.