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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

742
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
742
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

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Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
734
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

7.5K
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
7.5K
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.4K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
2.4K
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Targeted Temperature Management Protocol in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Project.

Erica Prendergast1, Kiona Y Allen2, Michele Grimason Mills3

  • 1Erica Prendergast is a neurocritical care nurse practitioner, Ruth D. & Ken M. Davee Pediatric Neurocritical Care Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Critical Care Nurse
|October 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new protocol improved hyperthermia management in pediatric intensive care units. Targeted temperature management increased the use of body surface cooling devices for pediatric patients with acute neurological injury.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Neurology
  • Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Acute neurological injury can cause dangerous intracranial pressure fluctuations.
  • Maintaining normothermia is crucial for pediatric patients post-neurological injury.
  • Abrupt temperature changes negatively impact cerebral blood flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance hyperthermia management in a pediatric intensive care unit.
  • To implement and evaluate a targeted temperature management protocol.
  • To standardize care for pediatric patients with acute neurological injury.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a plan-do-study-act quality improvement framework.
  • Conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records.
  • Compared patient data before and after protocol implementation.
  • Protocol included environmental, pharmacological, and cooling device interventions, plus shivering management.

Main Results:

  • Pre-protocol: 64% of patients had temperatures >37.5°C; 10% used cooling devices.
  • Post-protocol: >80% of patients had temperatures >37.5°C; 62% used cooling devices.
  • Increased use of body surface cooling without neuromuscular blockade (6% to 31%).

Conclusions:

  • Implementing a targeted temperature management protocol enhanced hyperthermia care.
  • Increased nurses' documented use of body surface cooling devices.
  • Improved management of hyperthermia in pediatric intensive care unit patients.