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Acute Cerebellitis in MIS-C: A Case Report
Nihal Akçay1, Mustafa Oğur1, Mehmet Emin Menentoğlu1
1From the Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Bakirköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following COVID-19 can cause neurologic issues. This case report details a child with MIS-C who developed cerebellar lesions, suggesting cerebellitis, confirmed by MRI.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric neurology
- Infectious diseases
- Neuroimaging
Background:
- Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) primarily causes respiratory symptoms but can lead to neurologic manifestations in children.
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a known complication following COVID-19.
- Cerebellar lesions are a potential finding in various viral infections.
Background:
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is characterized predominantly by respiratory symptoms and has affected a small subset of children. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been reported in children following COVID-19. There is increasing report that COVID-19 may also lead to neurologic manifestations. Cerebellar lesions may be observed in viral infections.
Case Report:
We report a child with MIS-C related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, who developed cerebellar lesion during the disease course. Encephalopathy was the first central nervous system symptom. His consciousness improved but he developed clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction including ataxia, dysarthria and nystagmus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrical pathological signal changes in both cerebellar hemispheres.
Conclusion:
We demonstrated the first child with MIS-C to develop cerebellar lesion on brain MRI, suggestive of cerebellitis.
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