Programmed cell death in aortic aneurysm and dissection: A potential therapeutic target

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Biology
• Cell Death Mechanisms
• Vascular Pathology

Background:

• Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) rupture is a major cause of mortality.
• Progressive smooth muscle cell (SMC) loss is a key pathological feature of AAD, leading to aortic dysfunction and degeneration.
• Understanding the molecular drivers of SMC loss is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the different programmed cell death pathways involved in AAD pathogenesis.
• To explore the induction, features, and contributions of these pathways to AAD.
• To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting programmed cell death in AAD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of programmed cell death pathways (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis).
• Analysis of evidence linking programmed cell death to AAD development.
• Discussion of potential therapeutic strategies targeting cell death inhibitors.

Main Results:

• Programmed cell death pathways play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AAD.
• Specific pathways like apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis contribute uniquely to SMC loss.
• Inhibitors of programmed cell death represent a promising therapeutic avenue for AAD.

Conclusions:

• Programmed cell death is a significant contributor to AAD progression and rupture.
• Targeting specific programmed cell death pathways may offer novel therapeutic interventions for AAD.
• Further research into the clinical significance of programmed cell death in AAD is warranted.