Talbot effect of an electromagnetically induced square photonic lattice assisted by a spatial light modulator

We demonstrate the Talbot effect of an electromagnetically induced square photonic lattice formed under the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) condition both experimentally and theoretically in a three-level ⁸⁵Rb atomic configuration. The two-dimensional lattice patterns result from the diffraction of a Gaussian probe field traveling through the vapor cell, in which the refractive index is modulated by a coupling field with a two-dimensional periodic intensity distribution generated by a spatial light modulator. The experimental observations are consistent with the theoretical predictions. This investigation not only provides a new avenue for producing desired electromagnetically induced photonic lattices beyond the commonly adopted multi-beam interfering method but also broadens studies of electromagnetically induced Talbot effect to two-dimensional space.