Single-nucleotide polymorphism in chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review.

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Immunology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex inflammatory condition.
• Genetic factors, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are increasingly recognized for their role in CRS pathogenesis.
• Comorbidities like atopy, asthma, and eosinophilia are frequently observed in CRS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
• To identify specific genetic variations and pathways implicated in the development of CRS.
• To evaluate the current evidence base for genetic risk factors in CRS.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review of English-language literature published over the last 20 years was conducted.
• Studies reporting gene variations linked to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and nasal polyps in CRS were included.
• Data synthesis involved analyzing findings from 12 papers encompassing 9127 individuals (2739 CRS cases and 6388 controls).

Main Results:

• The review identified major single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
• Specific biological pathways implicated in CRS pathogenesis were highlighted.
• Common comorbidities in CRS patients included atopy (49.9%), asthma (50.33%), Samter Triad (4.9%), and eosinophilia (4.28%).

Conclusions:

• This systematic review highlights significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and involved pathways.
• Variations in methodologies and sample sequencing across studies necessitate further investigation.
• Larger cohort studies are required to definitively identify significant SNPs for CRS risk.