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Late Pre-term Infants with Severe Bronchiolitis and Risk of Asthma by Age 5 Years

Jonathan M Mansbach1, Ying Shelly Qi2, Janice A Espinola2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|October 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Late pre-term infants, born between 34-36.9 weeks, face a 35% increased risk of developing asthma by age 5. This finding highlights a critical developmental period impacting long-term respiratory health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Respiratory Health
  • Neonatal Studies

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
  • Prematurity is a known risk factor for adverse respiratory outcomes.
  • The impact of late pre-term birth on childhood asthma requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between late pre-term birth and the development of asthma.
  • To quantify the risk of asthma in infants born late pre-term compared to full-term infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, multicenter cohort study.
  • Inclusion of infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
  • Follow-up to age 5 years to assess asthma diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Infants born late pre-term (34-36.9 weeks gestational age) showed a 35% higher odds of asthma by age 5.
  • Comparison group included infants born at full-term.
  • Significant association identified between late pre-term birth and childhood asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Late pre-term birth is a significant risk factor for developing asthma.
  • Early identification and monitoring of late pre-term infants may be beneficial.
  • Findings underscore the importance of gestational age in long-term respiratory health outcomes.

Keywords:
hospitalizationintensive carepulmonary functionwheezing

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