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Terrestrial organisms react differently to nano and non-nano Cu(OH)2 forms.

Rui G Morgado1, Maria D Pavlaki1, Amadeu M V M Soares1

  • 1CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

The Science of the Total Environment
|October 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Copper hydroxide nanopesticides show lower toxicity and accumulation in soil invertebrates compared to conventional forms. This suggests nanopesticides offer a sustainable solution for pest management with reduced environmental impact.

Keywords:
BioaccumulationNanopesticidesSoil ecosystemsToxicityToxicokinetics-toxicodynamics models

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Agricultural Science
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Nanomaterials in agriculture enhance sustainability and align with the European Green Deal.
  • Research on nanopesticides often overlooks impacts on non-target soil organisms.
  • Copper hydroxide-based products are widely used, necessitating environmental risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the toxicity and accumulation of nano- and non-nano copper hydroxide in terrestrial invertebrates.
  • To investigate species-specific responses to different copper forms.
  • To assess the environmental safety of copper hydroxide nanopesticides for soil ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Toxicity and bioaccumulation experiments were conducted on the isopod Porcellionides pruinosus and mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor.
  • Time-course toxicity and toxicokinetics were analyzed and modeled for different copper hydroxide forms.
  • Comparative analysis of copper uptake, elimination, and adverse effects was performed.

Main Results:

  • Tenebrio molitor exhibited higher resistance and copper elimination capacity than Porcellionides pruinosus.
  • Copper hydroxide nanopesticides generally caused lower toxic effects in both species compared to non-nano forms.
  • Slower toxicokinetics and reduced bioaccumulation of nanopesticides in P. pruinosus contributed to lower toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Copper hydroxide nanopesticides demonstrate reduced toxicity and bioaccumulation potential in soil invertebrates compared to conventional products.
  • Species-specific differences in copper sensitivity and toxicokinetics influence the environmental impact of nanopesticides.
  • Nanopesticides represent a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture, minimizing adverse effects on soil organisms.