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Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
Ergin Erginoz1, Ahmet Askar1, Gokce Hande Cavus2
1Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa - Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Turkey.
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|October 2, 2021
Summary
This case report highlights a rare instance of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the sigmoid colon. Early diagnosis through imaging and biopsy is crucial for effective chemoradiotherapy treatment of this uncommon colorectal neoplasm.
Area of Science:
- Gastrointestinal Oncology
- Hematology
- Pathology
Background:
- Extranodal lymphomas frequently affect the gastrointestinal tract, yet colonic and rectal lymphomas are uncommon.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma constitutes the most frequent type of colonic lymphoma, accounting for less than 0.5% of colorectal neoplasms.
- While chemotherapy is primary for remission, emergent surgical intervention may be required.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the sigmoid colon.
- To emphasize the importance of diagnostic modalities for lymphoma subtyping.
- To discuss the management of colonic lymphoma.
Main Methods:
- A 77-year-old male presented with symptoms of bowel obstruction.
- Radiological imaging identified a sigmoid colon mass, confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy.
- Histopathological examination revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Main Results:
- The patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the sigmoid colon.
- No surgical intervention was immediately indicated.
- The patient was referred for chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma but is rarely found in the colon and rectum.
- Colonic lymphoma can present with nonspecific symptoms, necessitating comprehensive diagnostic evaluation.
- Chemoradiotherapy is the primary treatment, with surgery reserved for complications like obstruction or bleeding.
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