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Renal Dysfunction in Prediabetes: Confirmed by Glomerular Hyperfiltration and Albuminuria.
Alagilawada S Shilpasree1, Vidya S Patil1, Manjunath Revanasiddappa2
1Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Sattur, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
Journal of Laboratory Physicians
|October 4, 2021
Summary
Elevated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indicates early kidney damage in prediabetes, appearing before albuminuria. Early detection in prediabetes allows for timely interventions to prevent future nephropathy.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Prediabetes signifies hyperglycemia, a precursor to diabetes and its complications.
- Glomerular hyperfiltration and albuminuria are early, reversible indicators of kidney damage in type 2 diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of prediabetes-range hyperglycemia on renal function.
- Assessed estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin excretion (UAE).
Main Methods:
- 1,031 adults aged 30-70 underwent health checkups.
- Patients classified as normal, prediabetic, or diabetic using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria (fasting blood sugar, HbA1c).
- eGFR calculated using CKD EPI equation; UAE measured via immunoturbidimetric method.
Main Results:
- Hyperfiltration prevalence was higher in prediabetes and diabetes groups compared to normal controls.
- Hyperfiltration increased with rising HbA1c levels, showing higher odds ratios.
- Increased UAE observed in prediabetes and diabetes, with statistical significance only in the diabetes group.
Conclusions:
- Elevated eGFR identifies asymptomatic, at-risk individuals for future nephropathy.
- Prediabetes offers a critical window for preventive strategies before significant renal damage occurs.
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