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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

71.9K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Internal Anatomy of the Kidney01:12

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Nuclei Isolation from Adult Mouse Kidney for Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing
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Studying Kidney Diseases at the Single-Cell Level.

Mengmeng Jiang1,2, Haide Chen2,3, Guoji Guo1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.

Kidney Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Single-cell analysis offers a powerful lens into kidney diseases, revealing cellular diversity and molecular details crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and improving patient outcomes in nephrology.

Keywords:
AllograftImmune cellKidney diseaseKidney organoidSingle-cell technology

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Kidney disease impairs essential organ functions.
  • Understanding kidney cell types is critical for disease pathogenesis.
  • Single-cell analysis provides high-resolution insights into cellular heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in single-cell studies of kidney diseases.
  • To discuss the impact of single-cell technology on nephrology research.
  • To highlight how single-cell data can improve understanding of kidney disease mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on single-cell technologies applied to kidney research.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on cellular heterogeneity and gene expression in kidney diseases.
  • Examination of single-cell data from kidney organoids and allograft tissues.

Main Results:

  • Single-cell technologies reveal unprecedented cellular heterogeneity in the kidney.
  • Identification of distinct gene expression signatures associated with kidney cell types and disease states.
  • Molecular dynamics of kidney disease onset and progression are elucidated through single-cell approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Single-cell analysis is transforming nephrology by detailing kidney cell heterogeneity and disease mechanisms.
  • Insights from single-cell studies enhance understanding of kidney organogenesis and therapeutic responses.
  • Improved diagnostic accuracy and novel treatment strategies are anticipated outcomes for kidney diseases.