Photobacterium arenosum sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment sand

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, short rod-shaped, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive bacterium, strain CAU 1568^T, was isolated from marine sediment sand sampled at Sido Island in the Republic of Korea. The optimum conditions for growth were at 25-30 °C, at pH 6.5-8.5 and with 0-4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain CAU 1568^T was a member of the genus Photobacterium with high similarity to Photobacterium salinisoli JCM 30852^T (97.7 %), Photobacterium halotolerans KACC 17089^T (97.3 %) and Photobacterium galatheae LMG F28894^T (97.3 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C_16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C_16 : 1  ω6c and/or C_16 : 1  ω7c) and summed feature 8 (C_18 : 1  ω7c and/or C_18 : 1  ω6c), with Q-8 as the major of isoprenoid quinone. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid, two aminophospholipids and three unidentified lipids. The whole genome size of strain CAU 1568^T was 4.8 Mb with 50.1 mol% G+C content; including 38 contigs and 4233 protein-coding genes. These taxonomic data support CAU 1568^T as representing a novel Photobacterium species, for which the name Photobacterium arenosum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this novel species is CAU 1568^T (=KCTC 82404^T=MCCC 1K05668^T).