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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

981
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Corneal Structural Changes in Congenital Glaucoma.

Jennifer Drechsler1, Adrianna Lee, Snehaa Maripudi

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (J.D., A.L., S.M., M.R.L., O.J.S., J.L.A.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Ophthalmology (L.K., M.B., B.K., R.B., C.M., M.S.J., W.P.M.), Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; and Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (S.Y., Z.M.A.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Eye & Contact Lens
|October 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

High-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) reveals significant corneal structure differences in congenital glaucoma patients compared to controls. These measurable differences, including corneal width and thickness, may aid in diagnosis and monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Eye Diseases

Background:

  • Congenital glaucoma is a severe pediatric eye condition.
  • Accurate diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for managing congenital glaucoma.
  • Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) offers high-resolution imaging of ocular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively compare corneal structural parameters between eyes with congenital glaucoma and healthy controls using high-frequency UBM.
  • To identify specific UBM-quantifiable corneal differences associated with congenital glaucoma and its subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case-control study involving 30 subjects (12 glaucoma, 18 control) with 180 UBM images.
  • ImageJ software was used to analyze 21 quantitative corneal structure parameters.
  • Statistical analysis, including mixed effects models, compared measurements between groups.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in 16 of 21 measured corneal parameters were found between congenital glaucoma and control eyes.
  • Key differences included angle-to-angle measurements, central and peripheral corneal thickness, and corneal radii of curvature.
  • Eight parameters differed significantly between primary congenital glaucoma and secondary glaucoma post-cataract surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Measurable corneal structural variations exist between congenital glaucoma and control eyes, and between different types of congenital glaucoma.
  • UBM image analysis can quantify these corneal differences.
  • Further research is needed to explore the diagnostic and monitoring potential of these UBM-derived corneal features in congenital glaucoma.