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Updated: Oct 18, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

An empirically based power primer for laboratory aggression research.

Courtland S Hyatt¹, Michael L Crowe², Samuel J West³

¹Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.

Aggressive Behavior

|October 5, 2021

Summary

Laboratory aggression studies often lack statistical power. This research provides sample size recommendations to ensure adequate power, suggesting a moratorium on complex interaction tests due to sample size demands.

Keywords:

aggression power research methodology

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Research in psychological science, including laboratory aggression studies, is frequently underpowered.
Underpowered studies struggle to reliably detect common effect sizes (e.g., r = ~0.10-0.20, Cohen's d = ~0.20-0.40).

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a "power primer" for laboratory aggression researchers to aid in study planning.
To offer evidence-based sample size recommendations to achieve adequate statistical power (~80%).

Main Methods:

Conducted simulation-based power analyses.
Utilized effect size estimates from recent literature reviews on laboratory aggression.
Calculated sample size recommendations based on research question complexity (main effects, interactions) and predictor correlations.

Main Results:

Achieving adequate power requires substantially larger sample sizes than typically used in this field.
Recommended sample sizes for interaction tests, particularly three-way interactions, far exceed current practices.
Results suggest a moratorium on testing three-way interactions in laboratory aggression research.

Conclusions:

Statistical power is a critical element of study design that requires greater attention.
The findings and recommendations are generalizable to other behavioral research and psychological science.
Adopting best practices in power analysis is essential for robust and reliable research findings.