The Kinetics of COVID-19 Vaccine Response in a Community Vaccinated Population

We used a noninvasive electrochemical quantitative assay for IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 S1 in saliva to investigate the kinetics of antibody response in a community-based population who had received either the Pfizer or Moderna mRNA-based vaccines. Samples were received from a total of 97 individuals including a subset of 42 individuals who collected samples twice-weekly for 3 months or longer. In all, 840 samples were collected and analyzed. In all individuals, salivary antibody levels rose sharply in the 2-week period following their second vaccination, with peak antibody levels being at 10-20 days post-vaccination. We observed that 20%, 10% and 2.4% of individuals providing serial samples had a 90%, 95%, and 99% drop respectively from peak levels during the duration of monitoring and two patients fell to pre-vaccination levels (5%). The use of non-invasive quantitative salivary antibody measurement can allow widespread, cost-effective monitoring of vaccine response.

COVID-19 antibodies were measured in saliva and 20% of vaccinated subjects experienced a 90% drop in peak antibody levels over the course of monitoring.