Line-scan Raman scattering image and multivariate analysis for rapid and noninvasive detection of restructured beef

The mean spectral (MS) features were extracted from Raman scattering images (RSI) of beef samples over the region of interest covering the spectral range of 789-1710cm^-1 and the spatial offset range of 0-5 mm (for two sides of the incident laser). The RSI monitored the main change in the protein, amide bands, lipids, and amino acid residues. The classification model performance based on MS features compared the conventional Raman spectral features and confirmed the usefulness of RSI. Finally, the results showed that RSI technology is a reliable tool for rapid and noninvasive detection of restructured beef.