Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

239
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
239
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

4.1K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.1K
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

16.7K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
16.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unified atmospheric attenuation models for visible and infrared wavelengths.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025
Same author

Effect of a vehicle's mobility on SNR and SINR in vehicular optical camera communication systems.

Optics express·2024
Same author

Reflector-aided underwater optical channel modeling.

Optics letters·2022
Same author

Efficiency analysis of cellular/LiFi traffic offloading.

Applied optics·2021
Same author

Utilization of an OLED-Based VLC System in Office, Corridor, and Semi-Open Corridor Environments.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2020
Same author

Ursodeoxycholic acid protects neonatal rats from necrotizing enterocolitis: a biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study.

The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·2020
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

11.0K

Comprehensive study on UAV-based FSO links for high-speed train backhauling.

Haitham S Khallaf, Murat Uysal

    Applied Optics
    |October 6, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems offer a solution for high-speed train communication. Air relays improve coverage distance and mitigate fog effects, simplifying pointing, acquisition, and tracking system design.

    More Related Videos

    Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
    07:49

    Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

    Published on: November 26, 2019

    8.2K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 17, 2025

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    11.0K
    Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
    07:49

    Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

    Published on: November 26, 2019

    8.2K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical wireless communications
    • High-speed train communication systems
    • Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology

    Background:

    • High-speed trains require robust communication systems for data backhauling.
    • Free-space optical (FSO) communication presents a high-bandwidth alternative.
    • Existing ground-based relays face limitations in deployment and coverage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and analyze UAV-based FSO systems for high-speed train backhauling.
    • To develop a composite channel model accounting for atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors.
    • To compare the performance of air-relay versus ground-relay systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a composite channel model for UAV-based FSO links.
    • Derivation of an approximate expression for outage probability.
    • Comparative performance analysis considering pointing-acquisition-tracking (PAT) complexity and coverage distance.
    • Investigation of system performance under varying weather and fading conditions.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed air-relay system demonstrates superior performance compared to ground-relay systems.
    • Air relays effectively mitigate the impact of fog on communication.
    • Longer coverage distances are achievable with UAV-based FSO systems.
    • System performance is influenced by beam divergence, displacement deviation, and UAV altitude.

    Conclusions:

    • UAV-based FSO communication is a viable solution for high-speed train backhauling.
    • Air relays offer advantages in coverage, weather resilience, and PAT system design.
    • The developed channel model provides a basis for further system optimization.