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[Pathology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma]
1Daganatpatológiai Központ, Sebészeti és Molekuláris Patológiai Osztály, Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary. drstrausz@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. At the time of diagnosis, the cancer is usually at an advanced stage and only a minority of the cases are eligible for surgical resection. To improve prognosis, it is crucial to diagnose and treat the disease at an early stage. This article reviews the cytopathology and histopathology of PDAC and its precursors. The three main aspects of PDAC pathology are the primary confirmation of cancer, the macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of pancreatic resection specimens and molecular testing. It is beneficial to run the diagnostics and to treat the patients at specialized pancreatic cancer centers, where every member of the team is confronted with many cases.
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01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
01:27Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include: