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Identification Osteogenic Signaling Pathways Following Mechanical Stimulation: A Systematic Review
Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei1, Maryam Rezai Rad1, Zahrasadat Paknejad2
1Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy
|October 7, 2021
Summary
Mechanical forces, particularly tension, significantly impact bone regeneration by activating key signaling pathways like Wnt. Understanding these mechanical stimuli is crucial for advancing bone tissue engineering and promoting osteogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Mechanical forces influence osteogenic differentiation and bone tissue remodeling.
- Optimizing mechanical stimuli is vital for effective bone tissue engineering.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review mechanical stimuli and signaling pathways influencing osteogenesis.
- To identify the most impactful mechanical forces and pathways for bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar.
- Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
- Categorization of studies into in vivo and in vitro.
Main Results:
- Tension was the most common mechanical force, with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) as the primary cell source.
- Twelve signaling pathways were identified, with Wnt pathway being prominently activated.
- RUNX2, a master regulator of osteogenesis, was regulated by all identified signaling pathways.
Conclusions:
- Wnt signaling pathways are broadly activated by various mechanical forces, highlighting their central role in osteogenesis.
- The mode of force application (continuous vs. non-continuous tension) is more critical than the percentage of elongation for tension-induced osteogenesis.
- Findings provide insights into optimizing mechanical stimulation for bone tissue engineering applications.
