Screening for Atrial Fibrillation Using a Single Lead ECG Monitoring Device

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, necessitating effective stroke prevention strategies.
• Early detection of AF in the general population is critical for timely intervention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence of AF in the Chonbuk region, South Korea.
• To analyze the characteristics of newly detected AF patients through screening.
• To evaluate the utility of single-lead ECG devices for AF screening.

Main Methods:

• A screening program was conducted in the Chonbuk region, South Korea, enrolling participants over 50 years old.
• Single-lead electrocardiography (ECG) devices (KardiaBand) were used for initial AF screening.
• Electrophysiologist confirmation was required for AF diagnosis based on ECG findings exceeding 30 seconds.

Main Results:

• Out of 2728 participants, 145 (5.3%) had pre-existing AF diagnoses.
• Screening identified 55 positive cases, with 40 confirmed as new AF diagnoses.
• Independent risk factors for AF among screening-positive individuals included male gender and age over 70.
• Most newly detected AF patients were at high risk for stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc score > 2).
• 77.5% of newly diagnosed patients initiated AF management.
• Screening with a single-lead ECG monitor detected an additional 1.2% of AF cases.

Conclusions:

• Screening using simple mobile ECG devices can facilitate the early detection of atrial fibrillation.
• A significant proportion of newly detected AF patients are at high risk for stroke, indicating undertreatment.
• Mobile ECG screening holds promise for improving AF detection rates and subsequent management, thereby reducing stroke risk.