Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

3.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.3K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

1.3K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

3.7K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.7K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

12.6K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
12.6K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

87
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
87
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

2.1K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Key factors influencing medical residency choice among medical graduates.

Israel journal of health policy research·2026
Same author

High-Accuracy Performance of a Simplified Binary Triage System in Military Trauma.

JAMA surgery·2026
Same author

Tracking the big picture during wartime: A national trauma registry perspective.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

Procedure-Specific Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in Breast Surgery: A Propensity-Score Adjusted Analysis of 5,202 Procedures.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026
Same author

Prehospital management of impending airway obstruction in combat trauma: a registry study.

BMJ military health·2026
Same author

Optimizing aeromedical evacuation in combat: Balancing trauma system efficiency and patient outcomes.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
06:21

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.7K

Adolescent cognitive function and incident early-onset type 2 diabetes.

Miri Lutski1,2, Inbar Zucker1,2, Aya Bardugo3

  • 1The Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Eclinicalmedicine
|October 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Lower cognitive function in adolescence is linked to a higher risk of developing early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in both men and women. This association holds true for global and specific cognitive abilities, independent of socioeconomic factors.

Keywords:
AdolescentCognitive scoresCognitive subdomainsType 2 diabetes

More Related Videos

Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats
07:41

Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats

Published on: October 23, 2020

6.1K
A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
06:21

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.7K
Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats
07:41

Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats

Published on: October 23, 2020

6.1K
A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adolescent cognitive function is a predictor of future health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease.
  • Early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern with potential long-term health implications.
  • The relationship between adolescent cognitive abilities and the risk of developing T2D requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between global and subdomain cognitive scores in late adolescence and the incidence of early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • To determine if this relationship differs between men and women.
  • To assess the independence of this association from socioeconomic status.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide, population-based study involving 971,677 Israeli adolescents (mean age 17.4 years) assessed between 1992-2010.
  • Cognitive performance was measured using global and subdomain Z-scores (problem-solving, verbal abstraction, verbal comprehension, mathematical abilities).
  • Data were linked to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry, and Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression models were used for analysis, stratified by sex.

Main Results:

  • Individuals in the lowest quintile of global cognitive Z-score had a significantly higher risk of developing T2D (HR 2.46 for men, 2.33 for women).
  • A one-unit decrease in global cognitive Z-score was associated with a 1.41-fold increased risk in men and a 1.46-fold increased risk in women.
  • Significant associations were observed for both global and subdomain cognitive scores, with no heterogeneity across cognitive domains.

Conclusions:

  • Late adolescent cognitive function, encompassing global and subdomain scores, is significantly associated with the risk of developing early-onset type 2 diabetes in both sexes.
  • This relationship persists independently of socioeconomic status.
  • Findings highlight cognitive function as a potential early marker for T2D risk in adolescents.