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Nonequilibrium Dynamics and Weakly Broken Integrability
Joseph Durnin1, M J Bhaseen2, Benjamin Doyon1
1Department of Mathematics, King's College London, Strand WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
Physical Review Letters
|October 8, 2021
Summary
We present a quantum kinetic approach for understanding the real-time dynamics of weakly perturbed integrable models. This method reveals specific perturbations that prevent thermalization in quantum systems.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Statistical mechanics
- Atomic physics
Background:
- Dynamical experiments on cold atomic gases provide motivation.
- Integrable models are a key focus in quantum many-body physics.
- Understanding systems out of equilibrium is a significant challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a quantum kinetic approach for real-time dynamics of weakly perturbed integrable models.
- To analyze prethermalization and late-time thermalization regimes.
- To establish analytical predictions for physical quantities and thermalization rates.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing exact matrix elements of the underlying integrable model.
- Developing an analytical approach for real-time quantum dynamics.
- Connecting perturbed quantum many-body dynamics with classical Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theory.
Main Results:
- The approach covers a broad range of timescales, from prethermalization to thermalization.
- Predictions for effective temperatures and thermalization rates are provided.
- A family of perturbations that do not induce thermalization was identified.
Conclusions:
- The developed quantum kinetic approach offers insights into the dynamics of quantum systems.
- The findings link quantum many-body theory with classical chaos theory.
- Specific perturbations can prevent thermalization in weakly perturbed integrable systems.
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